A chiral Ni(II) complex immobilized on Carboblack C as a readily available and effective enantioselective voltammetric sensor for recognition of atenolol enantiomers in real samples

A chiral Ni(II) complex immobilized on Carboblack C as a readily available and effective enantioselective voltammetric sensor for recognition of atenolol enantiomers in real samples Full article

Journal

Electrochimica Acta
ISSN: 1873-3859 , E-ISSN: 0013-4686

Output data

Year: 2025, Volume: 529, Article number : 146309, Pages count : DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146309

Authors

Zilberg Rufina A. ¹ , Teres Yulia B. ¹ , Bulysheva Elena O. ¹ , Ivanov Pavel Yu. ² , Vakulin Ivan V. ¹ , Panova Maria V. ³ , Medvedev Michael G. ³ , Khrizanforov Mikhail N. ³ , Maleev Victor I. ² , Larionov Vladimir A. ²

Affiliations

1	Ufa University of Science and Technology, Validi Str. 32, Ufa 450076, Russian Federation
2	A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Vavilov Str. 28, bld. 1, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation
3	N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

The search of a chiral selector is an essential aspect in the development of enantioselective voltammetric sensors, as stereoselectivity is achieved through the chiral surface of the electrode. This paper introduces the first application of a readily accessible and robust chiral Belokon’s Ni(II) complex as an efficient chiral selector. This complex, derived from a Schiff base of glycine and (S)-2-(N-benzylprolyl)aminobenzophenone, is immobilized onto a graphitized Carboblack C paste electrode, enabling efficient recognition and determination of atenolol (Atn) enantiomers. The characteristics of the developed electrochemical analytical sensor were evaluated, revealing an effective electrode surface area (A) of 7.51±0.53 mm² and a charge transfer resistance (Ret) of 11.50±0.09 kΩ. A linear relationship was established between the Atn oxidation peak current and its concentration in solution, maintained across a range of 100 to 1000 µM. The detection limits for (S)-Atn were found to be 2.76 (LOD) and 9.23 µM for the lower limit of detectable concentrations (LOQ), while for (R)-Atn, these values were 4.51 and 15 µM, respectively. Notably, the sensor exhibited greater sensitivity to (S)-Atn, with a potential difference (ΔEp) of 20 mV and a current ratio (ipS/ipR) of 1.60. The developed paste electrode demonstrates the ability to selectively recognize Atn enantiomers in model solutions, biological fluids, and pharmaceutical samples. Furthermore, employing principal component analysis (PCA) and independent class analogy modeling methods, the study presents a potential approach for identifying pharmaceutical formulations of Atn by their manufacturers.

Zilberg R.A. , Teres Y.B. , Bulysheva E.O. , Ivanov P.Y. , Vakulin I.V. , Panova M.V. , Medvedev M.G. , Khrizanforov M.N. , Maleev V.I. , Larionov V.A.
A chiral Ni(II) complex immobilized on Carboblack C as a readily available and effective enantioselective voltammetric sensor for recognition of atenolol enantiomers in real samples
Electrochimica Acta. 2025. V.529. 146309 . DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146309 WOS Scopus OpenAlex

≡ Web of science:	WOS:001485792200001
≡ Scopus:	2-s2.0-105004032055
≡ OpenAlex:	W4409799172